Method and means for starting internal-combustion engines



N. HERZ MARK NETHQD AND MEANS FOR STARTING INTERNAL COMBUSTION. ENGINES April 26 Filed NOV. 21. 1924 Patented Apr. 26, 1927.

UNITED STATES NICOLAS HERZMARK, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

METHOD AND MEANS'IFOR STARTING INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed November 21, 1924, Serial No. 751,416, and in France November 23, 1823.

The present invention relates to a starting device for explosion engines and particularly to aviation engines of the type in which a volume of an injected explosive mixture, or of carburetted compres ed air, forced at the same time, through a distributer actuated by the motor, into one or more cylinders at the explosion stroke and into one or more cylinders at the compression stroke, is fired in order to start the engine.

it has been proved that the starting of engines is successful only if the pistons, which are at the explosion and compression stroke, are in determined positions. For the cylinder in which the piston is at the upper end of its stroke the quantity of the explosive mixture is too small; if the piston is at the lower end of its stroke in the cylinder, if it is at, the compression stroke, the introdrued mixture offers too great a resistance and if the piston is at its expansion stroke the introduced mixture has no useful action, this mixture soon escaping through the outlet valve. Further, for these positions of the piston, the starting magneto gives no sparks.

The present invention has for its object a starting device, by means of which the cylinders which are at the expansion and at the compressionstroke are supplied with an explosive mixture at a pressure suitable to ensure the starting, whatever be the position of the pistons in the cylinders; for this purpose, there are provided at least two separate chambers, which receive compressed air to be carburetted, or the explosive mixture for the starting, and which are connected, by means of the distrilniter, the one chamber with the one or more cylinders at the expansion stroke, and the other chamber with the one or more cylinders at the compression stroke, in such a way that all the pistons are automatically returned, be fore the firing of the starting volume, into a position corresponding to equal volumes in troduced in the cylinders.

Upon the annexed drawings:

Fig. 1 is a diagram explaining the principle of the invention.

Fig. 2 is an axial section through a form of construction of the starting device.

As diagrammatically shown in Fig. 1, in which a, b are the cylinders, the pistons a b of which are respectively, the one a at the beginning of its expansion stroke, and the other 6 on its compression stroke, these cylinders are connected each separately to chambers (L2 through pipes a 6 If the explosive mixture contained in each or said chambers is at a given pressure, for instance 10 kilogrammes per square centimeter, this mixture will expand into the cylinder at the compression stroke, 5, until it reaches a pressure which is determined by the position of the piston 6 say 2 kg. per square centimeter; in the cylinder at the expansion stroke, the mixture will expand only to a pressure of 8 kg. per square centimeter. There results that these pistons will first be brought back to a position substantially cor responding to equal volumes introduced in the cylinders, i. e. until the pressures be the same in these cylinders.

On the contrary, if the explosive mixture had been forced, from a single chamber, in both cylinders a b, as is the case in the start ing devices hitherto known, there would be produced an equilibrium of pressure between the said chamber and both cylinders. without any displacement of the pistons. I

In the form of construction shown in Fig. 2, the two chambers or reservoirs A A are supplied with compressed air by means of a hand pump B, which forces into these reservoirs, through the pipe C and the check valves C C upon the pipe C there is provided a safety valve C and a filling-valve C upon the branch C leading to a 001m pressed air bottle (not shown); a gauge P indicates the pressure of the reservoirs Valves E E for the discharge oi, the compressed air contained in the reservoirs A. A are provided upon the pipes F F leading from these reservoirs to a distributor G, actuated from the motor; these pipes are connected to a gasoline tank 1 and cocks D D are arranged at the junction of the pipes F F with the gasoline supply pipe, 1 the plug of each of these cocks D D connected together by a handle J, is provided with a recess of a volume equal to the volume of gasoline to be mixed with the volume of compressed air contained in each of the reservoirs A A A lever K allows of actuating the valves E E for the discharge of the compressed air.

The pipes F F lead to the distributor G, in register with annular grooves L L provided in the plug of the distributor; pipes H H H H leading to the four cylinders of the motor (or to the four groups of cylinders Working at the same stroke) are connected by passages M M lVF M to said annular grooves L L for the positionof the distributor as shown, the pipes F F are connected, through the annular grooves L L and the passages M M}, respectively to the pipes H H leading to the corresponding cylinders, at this time at theexpansion and at the compression stroke. For a po sition of the distributor, plug, at 90 from that shown, the passages M M would connect the reservoirs A A through the pipes F F and the grooves L L with the pipes H U leading to the cylinders which are at that time at the expansion aiid'at the compression stroke. The working as follows: After having forced into the reservoirs A A air compressed to the desired pressure, by means of the pump B, or of the bottle (not shown), the operator actuates the handle J so as to bring the recesses of the plugs oftlie cocks D D in register with the pipe I supplying gasoline iron'i the tank 1; the operator then brings these cocks back into the position shown upon the drawing, so that the gasoline flows through the pipes F F into the valves E E, which are closed at this time (a tube 0 is provided for the excess of gasoline supplied through the pipe I to the cocks). When the operator thenactuates the lever K, the valves E E are opened, and the compressed air,escaping froni the reservoirs A A atomizes the gasoline which has been admitted; the carburetted-air is supplied through the pipes F F to the distributor G and from the latter, separately, from both reservoirs, to the cylinder (or group of cylinders) at the expansion stroke, through the pipe H, and to the cylinder (or group of cylinders) at the compression stroke, through the pipe H".

The pistons iii the cylinders at the expansion and compression strokes come into a position substantially corresponding to equal volumes introduced into the cylinders; by means of the starting magneto, the current necessary fort-he firing of the charge is then sent into said cylinders.

hat I claim is:

1. A starting device for use in starting a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine comprising, a plurality otchambers tor receiving compressed injecting material,

.adistributor, separate connections from the chambers to the distributor, means connecting one oi the chambers through the distributor to a cylinder at compression stroke position, and means connecting another vchainberithrough the distributor to a cylinder at expansion stroke position.

A starting device for use in starting a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine comprising, a plurality of separate chaii'ibers for receiving coiiipressei'l air, a distributor, separate connections lroiii the chaiiihers to the distributor, means hclwruui the chambers and the di;-;tril.iutor 'i'or carburetting air from the chaiiilieis, iiu-ans connecting one ol the chambers through the distributor to a cylinder at compression stroke position, and means connecting another chamber through the distributor to a cylinder at expansion stroke position.

A starting device for multiple cylinder internal combustion engines, comprising, a plurality of chambers for receiving com pressed injecting material, means connecting one of the chambers to a cylinder at compression stroke position, and means connect i ig another chaiiiher to a cylinder at expansion stroke position.

A starting device for internal combustion engines, (comprising, a plurality oi. separate chambers for receiving compressed air, means for carburetting air from the chambers, means connecting one of the chambers to a cylinder at compression stroke position, and means connecting another chamber to a cylinder at expansion stroke position.

5. A method for starting multiple cylinder internal combustion engines with combustion engines, comprising, connecting an engine cylinder at (:oiiipression stroke position to a. body of compressed injecting iuaterial and connecting another engine cylinder at expansion stroke position, to a second, and wholly separate, body of compressed injecting material.

In testimony whereof I have signed my naineto this specification.

NICOLAS HERZMARK. 

